"Exploring the world of Virus: A survey of Different Types of Virus"

Introduction

Virus:  The term "virus," which means toxin in Latin, was coined. A virus is a form of microscopic non-cellular bacterium or chemical compound made of nucleic acid and protein that causes illness when it is present inside living cells but is inert outside of them like inanimate objects.

Russian scientist Ivanovsky established a viral as the root cause of tobacco plant mosaic disease in 1892. The tobacco mosaic virus was discovered in 1935 by American chemist Stanley infected tobacco stems. In 1946, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for this.

The main characteristics of viruses:

The main salient features of the virus are as follows:

1. Viruses are microscopic non-cellular organisms.

2. Virus body consists of protein coat and nucleic acid.

3. They are able to multiply only inside a suitable host cell but remain inactive as inert matter outside the host cell.

4. Viruses have no metabolic enzymes.

5. Viruses mutate and new strains (breeds) arise through mutation.

The various varieties of viruses.

Viruses can be categorized in various ways according to various traits:

(a) The following form categories can be used to classify viruses:

1. Rods: They resemble rods in form. For instance, the mumps virus and tobacco mosaic virus.

2. Round: They have a rounded form. like the dengue virus, polio virus, etc.

3. Cubic: They have a cubic form. Example: the vaccinia virus, the herpes virus, etc.

4. Frog Shape: They resemble frogs in their cranium and limbs. T2, T4, T6, and so forth.

5. Oval shape: They are oval and resemble eggs. for instance, the influenza virus.

(b) Viral varieties are categorized according to where they are located in the recipient.

(1) Plant virus: A virus is referred to as a plant virus if it typically reproduces in the plant's body and creates illness there. Tobacco mosaic virus is an example.

(2) Animal Viruses: Animal viruses are viruses that typically proliferate within the body of an animal and spread illness. Consider the influenza pathogen.

(3) Bacteriophages: Bacteriophages are viruses that target and eliminate microorganisms. T2 Bacteriophages, for instance.

(4) Cyanophages: Cyanobacteria and blue-green algae are targets of viruses known as cyanophages.

(5) Mycophages: Mycophages are viruses that prey on fungus. 

(6) Actinophages: Actinophages are viruses that target actinomycetes.

(7) In accordance with what kind of nucleic acid they are:

 DNA Viruse: DNA viruses are viruses that have DNA in their nucleic acids. Viruses and bacteriophages found in mammals, such as the T2 and vaccinia viruses.

RNA  virus: A pathogenic virus is one that has viral nucleic acid. Example: Reovirus and the common plant viral Nagath

Conclusion:

There are many various kinds of viruses, such as the influenza virus, COVID-19, HIV, and the common cold. Each virus has distinct traits and has the potential to cause a variety of signs and negative health impacts. It is crucial to take precautions to stop the transmission of viruses, like maintaining excellent hygiene and getting immunized when appropriate.